IL coronavirus che viene dalla Germania

Lo studio è stato pubblicato su The New England Journal Medicine

IL cosiddetto 2019-nCoV scoperto a Wuhan si sta diffondendo nel mondo. A fine dicembre 2019 è stato identificato. IL paziente indice – secondo un autorevole periodico scientifico inglese – si rileva in un uomo d’affari tedesco. Trentatre anni. Indipendentemente dal virus godeva di ottima salute. Mal di gola, brividi e mialgie nel 24 gennaio 2020 sono i primi effetti del suo malessere. Il giorno seguente con febbre a 39,1. Tosse… Ma il giorno dopo si sente meglio e va al lavoro. È il 27 gennaio. Precedentemente aveva partecipato a riunioni con un partner commerciale cinese nella sua azienda vicino a Monaco: era il 20 e il 21 gennaio. Ma il 19 e il 22 gennaio il socio in affari, residente a Shanghai, aveva visitato la Germania e aveva manifestato i sintomi della malattia che si evidenzia il 26 gennaio essendo stato rivelato positivo al 2019-nCoV.

Avviata la ricerca dei contatti, il trentatreenne tedesco è stato inviato alla Divisione delle malattie infettive e della medicina tropicale a Monaco per ulteriori accertamenti. Inizialmente è risultato senza febbre e in buono stato di salute. Ma con due tamponi rinofaringei e un campione di espettorato è risultato positivo al 2019-nCoV.

Il 28 gennaio, altri tre dipendenti dell’azienda sono risultati positivi al 2019-nCoV. Tutti i pazienti con infezione confermata 2019-nCoV sono stati ricoverati in un’unità di malattie infettive di Monaco per il monitoraggio clinico e l’isolamento. Finora, nessuno dei quattro pazienti confermati mostra segni di grave malattia clinica.

Il fatto che persone asintomatiche siano potenziali fonti di infezione 2019-nCoV può giustificare una rivalutazione della dinamica di trasmissione dell’epidemia attuale.

Infatti il rilevamento di 2019-nCoV con elevata carica virale di espettorato in un paziente convalescente destano preoccupazione per il rilascio prolungato di 2019-nCoV, dopo il recupero.

Va detto anche che la vitalità del 2019-nCoV rimane da dimostrare mediante coltura virale. Nonostante queste preoccupazioni, tutti e quattro i pazienti che sono stati visitati a Monaco hanno avuto casi lievi e sono stati ricoverati principalmente per scopi di salute pubblica: le capacità ospedaliere sono limitate – in particolare, dato il picco concomitante della stagione influenzale nell’emisfero settentrionale. Si rendono necessarie ricerche per determinare se tali pazienti possono essere trattati con una guida adeguata e una supervisione al di fuori dell’ospedale.

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